University of Maryland Department of Geology
Diamond photo
GEOL 210: Gems and Gemstones

Lecture: T-Th 11:00 am -12:15 pm,
Plant
Sciences Building
(PLS) Rm. 1111


Dr. Sarah Penniston-Dorland
Office hours: Mondays 10-11 am or by appt.
GEOL 3106
(301) 405-4087
sarahpd@geol.umd.edu

Gems Home Page

Syllabus

Textbooks:

There are no required textbooks.  There are two recommended books:
Simon and Schuster’s Guide to Gems and Precious Stones, ed. by Kennie Lyman
Gemology, by Cornelius S. Hurlbut, Jr. and Robert C. Kammerling
           (on reserve in the Engineering and Physical Sciences Library (EPSL))

Course website:
http://www.geol.umd.edu/~sarahpd/Geol210.html

Course Description: A survey of the origin, occurrences, properties, fashioning and treatments of natural and synthetic materials, with emphasis on diamonds and colored stones.

Attendance:
Examinations will be based largely on material presented in the class as well as the reading assignments.  If you miss a lecture, it is your responsibility to obtain notes from a colleague.  If you are absent from any exam, quiz, or lecture where an assignment is due, it is your responsibility to provide the instructor with documentation of a university-approved absence.  Upon receipt of proper documentation you will be permitted to make up any missed work. 
Grading:

2 Midterm Exams                                    30%
Comprehensive Final Exam                      30%
Gem Journal                                            20%
Pop Quizzes                                            15%
Field Trip                                                  5%

Exams:  There will be two midterm exams and a comprehensive final.  Exams will consist of multiple choice, definition, short answer and/or essay questions.  You may not use notes or any other study aids on exams or quizzes.  There are no specially scheduled or makeup exams.  Exceptions will be made for students with disabilities or extenuating circumstances that have been officially recognized by the university.  Arrangements must be made at least one week in advance of the examination.  The date and time of the final exam are NOT negotiable.  I will not schedule alternative dates for the final exam.

Pop quizzes: Pop quizzes will be held at any time on any day during lecture and will be based on assigned reading, material covered in lecture, or information collected for your gem journal (see below).  Each quiz will be worth 5 points.  If you are absent from class you will receive 0 points on the quiz.  You may not use notes or any other study aids on exams or quizzes.

Late penalties: 5% of the grade will be deducted from the assignment (e.g. Gem Journal) for each day that it is handed in after the due date.  Exceptions will be made for documented university-approved absences.

Field trip to the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Hall of Geology, Gems, and Minerals
At a date and time to be determined, we shall take a tour of the Hall of Geology, Gems and Minerals at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC.  The Smithsonian is home to the Hope Diamond, along with other famous and beautiful gems.  Attendance and active participation in this fieldtrip will count towards 5% of the total course grade.  Students who are unable to participate will be required to write a 5-page (double-spaced) written report on a topic approved by the instructor.

Extra Credit:
Each class day a new gem (or gems) is introduced, you will have the opportunity to gain one extra credit point to count towards midterm exam grades.  If you bring in an interesting (and correct!) fact about the gem to the first class discussion about that gem, written out on paper along with the source of that fact, I will award an extra credit point for the fact.  There are a few catches.  The first catch is that the fact must not be found in either the Gemology text by Hurlbut and Kammerling or the Simon and Schuster’s Guide.  The second catch is that the fact must be relevant to the course.  The third catch is that if more than one person brings in the same fact, the extra credit point will be split among the individuals (e.g. if 3 students bring in the same fact, each student will receive 1/3 of an extra credit point).  These two catches give you the incentive to look at sources other than the assigned textbooks, encourage you to look for extra credit on your own and to look for unusual or hard to find facts.  You must include the source of the fact, so that I can check its veracity.

Academic Integrity:  The student is expected to be familiar with and follow the principles of truth and academic honesty outlined in the Student Honor Council’s Code of Academic Integrity.  The Code can be found at: http://www.shc.umd.edu/code.html.


Gem Journal
For each gemstone discussed in class, you will be responsible for collecting the following information:

Gem name
Chemical Formula
Crystal system
Hardness
Density/Specific Gravity
Refractive index (or indices)
Occurrence or Genesis (how does it form? in what types of rocks is it found?)
Localities found (not all localities, either famous gem localities or major deposits)
Appearance (includes color(s), common crystal habits, luster, cleavage, etc.)
Distinctive features (are there any prominent characteristics that may be particularly useful in identifying the gem? how is it distinguished from other, similar gems?)
Interesting facts

The information should be obtained before the day the gem is introduced in class.  Pop quizzes will frequently be based on the information obtained for the gem discussed on a given day.  This information should be collected in a binder, notebook or journal that will be collected periodically and graded for correctness and detail.  You should devote one or more pages to each gem discussed in class.  You may want to include a photo of each gem (printed out from the internet, for example).


Sources for this information include:
Simon and Schuster’s Guide to Gems and Precious Stones, ed. by Kennie Lyman
Gemology by Cornelius S. Hurlbut, Jr. and Robert C. Kammerling
            (on reserve in the Engineering and Physical Sciences Library (EPSL))

Books in the EPSL Reference Section (non-circulating)
Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification by R. Webster         QE 392 .W37
The Encyclopedia of Gemstones and Minerals                                           QE 392 .H65
by M. Holden & E. Mathez
Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones by J. Arem                                              QE 392 .A69
http://list-socrates.berkeley.edu/~eps2/wisc/Lect1b.html
http://www.geo.utexas.edu/courses/347k/

Topics covered
This outline is a rough guide.  I reserve the right to change the topics discussed in class and to add or change reading assignments prior to coverage of each topic.  The course website, http://www.geol.umd.edu/~sarahpd/Geol210.html, will have daily reading assignments posted.  (H&K is Hurlbut & Kammerling, S&S is Simon and Schuster's)

Topic

Reading/Assignment

Introduction

 

Atoms, Elements, Crystals, & Crystal Structures

H&K Ch. 3&4, p. 18-52

Gem Physical Properties

H&K p. 53-58

Diamond

 

   Crystal structure

 

   Fashioning Gems (Cut)

S&S p. 58-72

H&K Ch. 13, p. 181-198

   Light: Reflection and Refraction

H&K Ch. 7 p. 80-88

   Gem Size (Carats)

S&S p. 41

   Synthetic Gems and Imitation

S&S p. 316-328; 338-9

Ruby and Sapphire (Corundum)

 

    Light: Color, Luster, and Dispersion

H&K Ch. 6, p. 68-79

    Inclusions in gems

 

Emerald and Aquamarine (Beryl)

 

Topaz

 

   Gem enhancement

H&K Ch. 12, p. 165-180

Tourmaline

 

Garnet

 

Peridot (Olivine) and Jade (Jadeite, Nephrite)

 

Amethyst, Citrine, and Opal (Quartz)

 

Moonstone (Feldspar)

 

Chrysoberyl, Spinel

 

Zircon

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Important Dates

February 24 (Thursday)

Midterm I

April 12 (Tuesday)

Midterm II

May 16 (Monday) 8-10 am

Final Exam

 

 



 
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